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1.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 223(3): 144-153, mar. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217180

RESUMO

Introducción Las sociedades estadounidenses de nefrología recomiendan cambiar la ecuación CKD-EPI 2009 por la nueva CKD-EPI 2021, que no incluye el coeficiente de raza, para estimar la tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFGe). Se desconoce cómo podría afectar este cambio a la distribución de la enfermedad renal de la población española predominantemente caucásica. Métodos Se estudiaron dos cohortes de adultos de la provincia de Cádiz, BD-SIDICA (n=264.217 personas) y BD-PANDEMIA (n=64.217), que disponían de mediciones de creatinina plasmática entre 2017 y 2021. Se calcularon los cambios de la TFGe y la consecuente reclasificación en las diferentes categorías de la clasificación KDIGO-2012 al modificar la ecuación CKD-EPI 2009 por la de 2021. Resultados En comparación con la ecuación de 2009, CKD-EPI-21 arrojó una TFGe más alta, con una mediana de 3,8mL/min/1,73m2 (IQR: 2,98-4,48) en BD-SIDICA y de 3,89mL/min/1,73m2 (IQR: 3,05-4,55) en BD-PANDEMIA. Como primera consecuencia, del total de la población, el 15,3% en BD-SIDICA y el 15,1% en BD-PANDEMIA y el 28,1% y el 27,3%, respectivamente, de la población con enfermedad renal (G3-G5), se reclasificó a una categoría de TFGe más alta y ningún sujeto a una más grave. Como segunda consecuencia, la prevalencia de la enfermedad renal disminuyó del 9% al 7,5% en ambas cohortes. Conclusiones Implementar la ecuación CKD-EPI-21 en la población española, predominantemente caucásica, aumentaría la TFGe en una cantidad modesta (mayor en hombres y con mayor edad o TFG) y una proporción importante de la población se clasificaría en una categoría de TFGe superior, con la consiguiente disminución de la prevalencia de la enfermedad renal (AU)


Introduction United States nephrology societies recommend changing from the CKD-EPI 2009 equation to the new CKD-EPI 2021 equation, which does not include the race coefficient, for calculating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). It is unknown how this change might affect the distribution of kidney disease in the predominantly Caucasian Spanish population. Methods Two databases of adults from the province of Cádiz, DB-SIDICA (n=264,217) and BD-PANDEMIC (n=64,217), that had plasma creatinine measurements recorded between 2017 and 2021 were studied. Changes in eGFR and the consequent reclassification into different categories of the KDIGO2012 classification resulting from substituting the CKD-EPI 2009 equation for the 2021 equation were calculated. Results Compared to the 2009 equation, CKD-EPI 2021 yielded a higher eGFR, with a median of 3.8mL/min/1.73m2 (IQR: 2.98-4.48) in DB-SIDICA and 3.89mL/min/1.73m2 (IQR: 3.05-4.55) in DB-PANDEMIA. The first consequence was that 15.3% of the total population in DB-SIDICA and 15.1% of the total population in DB-PANDEMIA were reclassified into a higher category of eGFR, as were 28.1% and 27.3%, respectively, of the population with CKD (G3-G5); no subjects were classified into the more severe category. The second consequence was that the prevalence of kidney disease decreased from 9% to 7.5% in both cohorts. Conclusions Implementing the CKD-EPI 2021 equation in the Spanish population, which is predominantly Caucasian, would increase eGFR by a modest amount (greater in men and those who are older or have a higher GFR). A significant proportion of the population would be classified into a higher eGFR category, with a consequent decrease in the prevalence of kidney disease (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Creatinina/sangue , Testes de Função Renal
2.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc) ; 223(3): 144-153, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36796634

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: United States nephrology societies recommend changing from the CKD-EPI 2009 equation to the new CKD-EPI 2021 equation, which does not include the race coefficient, for calculating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). It is unknown how this change might affect the distribution of kidney disease in the predominantly Caucasian Spanish population. METHODS: Two databases of adults from the province of Cádiz, DB-SIDICA (N=264,217) and DB-PANDEMIA (N=64,217), that had plasma creatinine measurements recorded between 2017 and 2021 were studied. Changes in eGFR and the consequent reclassification into different categories of the KDIGO 2012 classification resulting from substituting the CKD-EPI 2009 equation for the 2021 equation were calculated. RESULTS: Compared to the 2009 equation, CKD-EPI 2021 yielded a higher eGFR, with a median of 3.8mL/min/1.73m2 (IQR 2.98-4.48) in DB-SIDICA and 3.89mL/min/1.73m2 (IQR 3.05-4.55) in DB-PANDEMIA. The first consequence was that 15.3% of the total population in DB-SIDICA and 15.1% of the total population in DB-PANDEMIA were reclassified into a higher category of eGFR, as were 28.1% and 27.3%, respectively, of the population with CKD (G3-G5); no subjects were classified into the more severe category. The second consequence was that the prevalence of kidney disease decreased from 9% to 7.5% in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing the CKD-EPI 2021 equation in the Spanish population, which is predominantly Caucasian, would increase eGFR by a modest amount (greater in men and those who are older or have a higher GFR). A significant proportion of the population would be classified into a higher eGFR category, with a consequent decrease in the prevalence of kidney disease.


Assuntos
Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Testes de Função Renal , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Creatinina , Brancos
3.
Clín. investig. ginecol. obstet. (Ed. impr.) ; 48(3): [100637], Jul-Sep. 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219571

RESUMO

Introducción: La macrosomía fetal es definida como un peso al nacer igual o mayor de 4.000 g, con una incidencia aproximadamente del 10%. Se ha asociado con múltiples factores de riesgo como la masa corporal previa, diabetes, multiparidad, sexo fetal varón, etcétera. Es una causa importante de morbimortalidad neonatal y materna, y supone un aumento en la tasa de cesáreas. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia de macrosomía fetal en nuestra área, detectar sus principales factores de riesgo y resultados perinatales. Métodos: Se incluyeron 6.221 recién nacidos a término, nacidos en el Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, en el curso de los años 2018 y 2019. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo, tipo caso control. Resultados: La incidencia de macrosomía fue de 5,9%. Los principales factores de riesgo asociados con la macrosomía fueron la edad gestacional, el sexo masculino, la multiparidad y la diabetes pregestacional, con resultados estadísticamente significativos. En cuanto a los resultados perinatales; encontramos asociación entre la macrosomía y la vía del parto, el riesgo de cesárea en los macrosomas es mayor (OR 1,62, IC 95% 1,3-2.1; p < 0,0001). Si el inicio del parto es inducido, el riesgo de cesárea se duplica (RR 2,32; IC 95% 1,56-3,38; p < 0,0001). Como complicaciones neonatales se registró un aumento del riesgo de distocia de hombros (OR 11,45; IC 95% 7,1-18,5; p < 0,0001), fractura de clavícula (OR 6,87, IC 95% 1,3-37,4; p = 0,0258), y parálisis braquial (OR 13,74; IC 95% 2,8-67,87; p = 0,0013). Conclusiones: Es importante conocer los factores de riesgo de macrosomía para poder identificar a estas gestantes y prevenir las complicaciones asociadas. Actualmente no hay consenso sobre cómo y cuándo finalizar la gestación, la inducción del parto o realizar una cesárea son estrategias parciales, que producen un aumento de cesáreas sin disminución de las complicaciones.


Introduction: Macrosomia is defined as a birth weight of 4 000 g or more, and has an incidence of approximately 10%. It has been associated with multiple risk factors such as, previous body mass, diabetes, multiparity, male gender, etc. Macrosomia is an important cause of neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality, and leads to an increase in the rate of caesarean sections. Objective: Identify the prevalence of foetal macrosomia in our area, and to detect its main risk factors and perinatal outcomes. Methods: The study included a total of 6 221 term infants born in Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital during the years 2018 and 2019. A retrospective observational case control type study was carried out. Results: The incidence of macrosomia was 5.9%. The main risk factors associated with foetal macrosomia were: gestational age, male gender, multiparity, and pre-gestational diabetes, with statistically significant results. Regarding perinatal outcomes, an association was found between macrosomia and delivery. The risk of caesarean section in macrosomia is higher (OR 1.62, 95% CI; 1.3-2.1, p < 0.0001). Induction of labour doubles the risk of caesarean section (RR 2.32, 95% CI; 1.56-3.38, p < 0.0001). As neonatal complications, was associated with higher risk of shoulder dystocia (OR 11.45, 95% CI 7.1-18.5, p < 0.0001), clavicle fracture (OR 6.87, 95% CI; 1.3-37.4, p < 0.0258), and brachial plexus palsy (OR 13.74, 95% CI; 2.8-67.87, p < 0.0013). Conclusions: It is important to determine the macrosomia risk factors in order to be able to identify these pregnant women, and prevent the associated complications. Currently, there is no consensus on how and when to end the pregnancy. Induction of labour or performing a caesarean section are partial strategies, which lead to an increase in caesarean sections without reducing complications.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Fatores de Risco , Macrossomia Fetal , Prevalência , Diabetes Gestacional , Cesárea , Trabalho de Parto Induzido , Ginecologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Clín. investig. ginecol. obstet. (Ed. impr.) ; 48(2): 110-116, Abr-Jun 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol, Português, Francês | IBECS | ID: ibc-219483

RESUMO

Introducción: El parto prematuro está asociado a múltiples complicaciones, con un aumento de la morbimortalidad perinatal. Sin embargo, muchos estudios apoyan el uso de corticoides y sulfato de magnesio para mejorar los resultados en estos recién nacidos prematuros. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es describir la incidencia de morbimortalidad en recién nacidos prematuros de nuestro entorno y cómo el uso tanto de corticoides como de sulfato de magnesio ha mejorado el pronóstico a corto plazo de estos recién nacidos. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo observacional de 564 recién nacidos prematuros nacidos entre 2018-2019 en el área hospitalaria del Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez. El tratamiento con corticoides y sulfato de magnesio se realizó según los protocolos actuales de la Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia. Resultados: La incidencia de prematuridad fue del 7,9% en nuestro entorno. La gestación gemelar junto con la enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo fueron las afecciones obstétricas más frecuentes. La cesárea fue la vía de finalización más común en todos los grupos de prematuridad, excepto en la tardía. El síndrome de distrés respiratorio fue la enfermedad más frecuente (más del 33%) en todos los grupos. La tasa de mortalidad neonatal total fue del 1,8%. En cuanto a los corticoides, el principal resultado de nuestra muestra fue una disminución en la morbimortalidad neonatal, estadísticamente significativa en el síndrome de distrés respiratorio y la retinopatía del prematuro. En cuanto al sulfato de magnesio, el principal resultado fue la disminución de la hemorragia intraventricular, la leucomalacia periventricular y la displasia broncopulmonar. Respecto a la mortalidad neonatal, no hubo diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: La morbimortalidad registrada en nuestra muestra fue similar a la descrita en la bibliografía. El tratamiento con corticoides para la maduración pulmonar redujo la morbimortalidad neonatal en general...(AU)


Introduction: Preterm labour is associated with multiple complications, with an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, many studies support the use of corticosteroids and magnesium sulphate to improve outcomes in preterm birth. The objective of this study is to describe the morbidity and mortality incidence in preterm birth in a Spanish hospital and how the use of corticosteroids and magnesium sulphate has improved the short-term prognosis in these newborns. Material and methods: Observational retrospective study of 564 preterm births between the years 2018 to 2019, in the hospital area Juan Ramón Jiménez (Huelva). The treatment with corticosteroids and magnesium sulphate was performed based on current protocols of the Spanish Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Results: The incidence of prematurity in this study was 7.9%. Twin pregnancies and hypertensive pregnancy disease were the most common obstetric disorders. The most common type of delivery was caesarean section in all prematurity groups, except late prematurity. Respiratory distress syndrome was the most frequent pathology (more than 33%) in all groups. Overall neonatal mortality was 1.8‰. As regards the use of corticosteroids, the main outcome was a decrease in neonatal morbidity and mortality, which was statistically significant in respiratory distress syndrome and preterm retinopathy. The use of magnesium sulphate caused a decrease in the incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. There were no significant differences in neonatal mortality. Conclusions: Morbidity and mortality registered in this study were similar to that described in the literature. Although the use of corticosteroids reduced neonatal morbidity and mortality in this study...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Corticosteroides , Sulfato de Magnésio , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ginecologia
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